Titanium is a metallic element, its chemical symbol is Ti, the atomic number is 22, it belongs to the IVB group metal elements in the PERIODIC TABLE. Titanium’s melting point is 1660°C, boiling point is 3287°C, and the density is 4.54g/cm³.
The most common compound of titanium is titanium dioxide, and other compounds include titanium tetrachloride and titanium trichloride.Titanium is one of the most widely distributed and abundant elements in the Earth’s crust, occupying 0.16% of the mass of the crust, ranking ninth.
Titanium ores mainly include ilmenite and rutile. The two most prominent advantages of titanium are high specific strength and strong corrosion resistance, which determines that titanium must be applied in aerospace, armed equipment, energy, chemical industry, metallurgy, construction and transportation. Abundant reserves provide a resource base for the wide application of titanium.
Because of the following features, titanium is known as “Space metal” and “Ocean metal”.
- Non-magnetic, non-toxic
Titanium is a non-magnetic metal, will not be magnetized in a very large magnetic field, so it is adopted by the medical community, titanium organs can be implanted in the human body for a long time without causing any harm.
2. Small density, high specific strength
The density of titanium is 4.51g/cm3, which is higher than aluminum and lower than steel, copper and nickel, but the specific strength is at the top of the metal.
3. Bacteriostatic function
Titanium containers can inhibit the growth of bacteria, harmful bacteria in the titanium environment will die quickly, only titanium products in daily life utensils have this function.
4. Light weight
The density of titanium metal is higher than that of aluminum, lower than steel, the same volume, the weight of titanium metal products is lighter than other metal products.
5. Good corrosion resistance
Titanium can be placed in the deep sea for a long time without rusting, and even after wear, it will quickly heal and regenerate.
6. Good heat resistance
The melting point of titanium is 1668 ° C, and titanium metal can be used for a long time at a high temperature of 600 ° C without fatigue, and titanium cookware is not easy to deform after cooking at high temperature.
7. Resistant to low temperature
Titanium alloy TA7 (Ti-5Al-2.5Sn), TC4 (Ti-6Al-4V) and Ti-2.5Zr-1.5Mo as the representative of low-temperature titanium alloy, its strength with the decrease of temperature and increase, but the plasticity change is not large. At -196-253 °C low temperature to maintain good ductility and toughness, to avoid metal cold brittleness, is the ideal material for low temperature containers, tanks and other equipment.
8. Good heat transferability
Although the thermal conductivity of titanium metal is lower than that of carbon steel and copper, due to the excellent corrosion resistance of titanium, the wall thickness can be greatly reduced, and the heat exchange method between the surface and steam is droplet condensation, which reduces the thermal resistance, and the titanium surface can also reduce the thermal resistance without scaling, so that the heat transfer performance of titanium is significantly improved.
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